Structural studies and model membrane interactions of two peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The powerful antimicrobial properties of bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) make it attractive for the development of new antimicrobial agents. An 11-residue linear peptide portion of LfcinB has been reported to have similar antimicrobial activity to lactoferricin itself, but with lower hemolytic activity. The membrane-binding and membrane-perturbing properties of this peptide were studied together with an amidated synthetic version with an added disulfide bond, which was designed to confer increased stability and possibly activity. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the peptides were measured against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and by hemolysis assays. The peptides were also tested in an anti-cancer assay against neuroblastoma cell lines. Vesicle disruption caused by these LfcinB derivatives was studied using the fluorescent reporter molecule calcein. The extent of burial of the two Trp residues in membrane mimetic environments were quantitated by fluorescence. Finally, the solution NMR structures of the peptides bound to SDS micelles were determined to provide insight into their membrane bound state. The cyclic peptide was found to have greater antimicrobial potency than its linear counterpart. Consistent with this property, the two Trp residues of the modified peptide were suggested to be embedded deeper into the membrane. Although both peptides adopt an amphipathic structure without any regular alpha-helical or beta-sheet conformation, the 3D-structures revealed a clearer partitioning of the cationic and hydrophobic faces for the cyclic peptide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".