Monolithic multiple wavelength ridge waveguide laser array fabricated by Nd:YAG laser-induced quantum well intermixing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Maskless selective area cw Nd:YAG laser annealing of GaInAsP/InP quantum well (QW) structures has been investigated as a possible route towards the fabrication of monolithically integrated photonic circuits. Laser irradiation of a 5 QW laser structure, originally designed for lasers emitting at 1.52 μm, yielded material having a continuously changing band gap ranging from 1.52 to 1.4 μm over the distance of about 3 mm. Bars with arrays of ridge waveguide lasers, having cavity lengths from 300 to 600 μm, were fabricated from the processed material. An individual bar, 2–3 mm long, comprised lasers operating typically between 1.4 and 1.52 μm. The lasers showed stable threshold current density and high quantum efficiency at all operating wavelengths. The results indicate that the applied approach has the potential to realize the cost-effective fabrication of advanced photonic devices and photonic integrated circuits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".