Normal prostate morphology in relaxin-mutant mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The peptide hormone relaxin is expressed in the prostate gland and secreted into the seminal plasma; however, its function within the prostate has not been established. Relaxin-mutant mice (Rln(-/-)) were reported to have abnormal prostate morphology, but there was no prostate phenotype in relaxin receptor-mutant (Rxfp1(-/-)) mice. The present study aimed to verify the phenotypes in the anterior, dorsal and lateral lobes of the prostate gland of Rln(-/-) and Rxfp1(-/-) mice at different adult ages. Rln(-/-) mice were also treated with relaxin to evaluate the effects of exogenously administered hormone on prostate morphology. Comparisons between these three lobes of the prostate demonstrated no obvious differences in duct morphology, epithelial height or collagen density between Rln(+/+) and Rln(-/-) mice at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months of age. This was similar in Rxfp1(-/-) mice. Relaxin treatment did not affect morphology or epithelial cell height in the different lobes. Furthermore, prostate lobe morphology in transgenic mice overexpressing relaxin Tg(Rln) was not different from the wild-type controls. Rxfp1 was detected in the prostate throughout adult life, but there was no consistent expression of relaxin. In summary, the present study found no evidence to support a prostate phenotype in adult Rln- or Rxfp1-mutant mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".