Measuring Neighborhood Social Change in Saskatoon, Canada: A Geographic Analysis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The majority of research on neighborhood change in Canada has followed a cross-sectional approach and has relied on census tracts as the basic unit of geography. Due to concerns over methodology and data comparability, very few studies have attempted a direct analysis of change. In response, this article presents a protocol for measuring neighborhood social change applied to Saskatoon, Canada and employs census data for neighborhoods that have been officially designated by the city's Planning Department. Our study found that about half of Saskatoon's 58 neighborhoods experienced stability between 1991 and 2001. However, decline was just as likely to occur in middle- and high-socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods as in low-SES neighborhoods while improvement was more likely to occur in the low-SES group. A pronounced division was visible among low-SES neighborhoods, particularly in the city's core. The analysis also found that income, gender, and housing had a strong impact on neighborhood social change and inequality. Interpretation of the findings revealed that a number of factors ranging from local conditions to wider economic and policy shifts had an influence on changing conditions in Saskatoon's neighborhoods. Keywords: neighborhood social changesocioeconomic statusinequalitymultivariate analysispublic policy
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it