Changes in vascular compliance in type 1 diabetes prior to onset of clinical complications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arterial vascular compliance is known to decrease with age, hypertension, atherosclerosis and in the presence of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine large artery (C1) and small artery (C2) compliance in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus before any complications from diabetes had developed clinically. The vascular compliance of 32 patients with type 1 diabetes and 57 healthy controls was measured using an HDI/Pulsewave Cardiovascular Profiling Instrument CR-2000. Analysis of variance and covariance was performed for C1 and C2 was calculated using pulse wave contour analysis and the modified Windkessel model. Covariables included age, gender smoking, the use of antihypertensive medications and systemic vascular resistance. C1 and C2 were found to be inversely proportional to age in the control group (C1 r=-.55, C2 r=-.50). In addition, males had greater C1 and C2 than females. There was no statistical difference between the diabetic and control groups for gender, BMI, diastolic BP or systemic vascular resistance. Statistical differences (p<.05) were present for systolic BP (126 ± 10 vs 123 ± 14 mmHg), age-adjusted C1 (1.47 ± .33 vs 1.71 ± .39 ml/mmHg) and age-adjusted C2 (0.075 ± .21 vs 0.93 ± .33 ml/mmHg) for diabetics and controls respectively. Thus, the vascular compliance of the diabetic groups was significantly diminished when adjusted for age despite normal blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. In conclusion, C1 and C2 in healthy, normotensive type 1 diabetics without clinical complications were considerably lower than expected for age. This study furthers the evidence that patients with type 1 diabetes are at greater cardiovascular risk from an earlier age.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".