Morbidity and Cost Differences between Free Flap Reconstruction and Pedicled Flap Reconstruction in Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer: Matched Control Study
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To compare morbidity and cost in patients who underwent primary reconstruction with free tissue transfer with those with pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) reconstructions after ablation of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: Over a 6-year period, 36 patients had PMMF reconstructions and 127 patients had a variety of free flap (FRF) reconstructions after oral and oropharyngeal cancer ablation. Correction for confounding patient and disease variables was performed by matching all PMMF patients to a randomly selected cohort of FRF patients for age, sex, International Union Against Cancer-American Joint Committee on Cancer T category, tumour subsite, and radiotherapy status. This resulted in two groups of 32 patients each, with the flap reconstruction being the only variable. The following outcome variables were analyzed: operative time; blood loss; admission length, including intensive care unit and coronary care unit stay; complications; secondary interventions; readmissions; and feeding status. Cumulative costs of nursing care, hospital supplies and charges, surgeon's fees, and anesthesiologist's fees were calculated. Statistical analysis applied the paired Student's t-test and the chi-square test. RESULTS: Of all morbidity parameters, only operative time was significantly longer for FRF (p < .0001). Analysis of other outcome variables and costs showed no statistically significant differences (p > .05). CONCLUSION: There is no evidence that morbidity and cost differ between the pedicled flap and free tissue transfer reconstruction strategies, other than lengthier operating room time for FRF.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it