Study of the effect of layer thickness, beam energy, and metal density on the resistless silicide direct-write electron-beam lithography process for the fabrication of nanostructures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To overcome the limitation of resists in electron beam lithography, a resistless electron beam lithography technique was recently developed. In the silicide direct-write electron-beam lithography process (SiDWEL), a thin metallic film is deposited on a silicon surface. A low-energy (<3 keV) electron beam is then used to enable the intermixing of the metal and the silicon layers through thermal effects. A chemical etch is then used to remove the unexposed metal regions. Thermal calculations are performed using a Monte Carlo simulation of electron trajectories and are correlated with experiments using Ni as the thin metallic film. A comparison of the doses required for the formation of several metals is also done. Results show that the SiDWEL process is possible when the electrons lose all their energy in a layer thickness comparable to the phonon mean free path. Finally, experiments are performed using multilayer samples to form silicide structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".