Modelling of hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions for local precipitation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stable isotope compositions of hydrogen and oxygen for continental condensates are determined foremost by equilibrium and kinetic isotope fractionation during evaporation at the oceanic source regions. Subsequently they are modified by a series of in-cloud processes, which include condensation and possible admixture of vapour from evaporation and transpiration over the continents. The effects of vapour admixture from evaporation and transpiration on the isotope compositions of hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) for local precipitation are discussed in this paper. Using a modified Rayleigh fractionation model, the effects are described for both constant and stepwise evaporation and transpiration fluxes. Further, deuterium (d)-excess values are employed to estimate the evaporation ratio and the slopes of δ–T polynomial regression curves are used to estimate the transpiration ratio. Finally, the influence of sea surface temperature on isotope compositions in condensates is modelled and its effect on d-excess and regression equations is examined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".