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Record W2048235260 · doi:10.1002/mrm.21858

Human whole blood <i>T</i><sub>2</sub> relaxometry at 3 Tesla

2009· article· en· W2048235260 on OpenAlex
G. Bruce Pike

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.

Bibliographic record

VenueMagnetic Resonance in Medicine · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicAdvanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Canadian institutionsMcGill UniversityMontreal Neurological Institute and Hospital
FundersNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
KeywordsDeoxygenationBlood oxygenationRelaxometryNuclear magnetic resonanceCharacterization (materials science)Magnetic resonance imagingDiffusionVenous bloodRelaxation (psychology)ChemistrySpin echoFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPhysicsMaterials scienceThermodynamicsMedicineRadiologyNanotechnology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A precise understanding of human blood spin-spin relaxation is of major importance for numerous applications, particularly functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which is increasingly performed at 3 Tesla. It is well known that T2 measured from partially deoxygenated blood depends on the Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) refocusing interval (tau180) and on blood oxygenation (Y), yet debate remains over the quantification of this phenomenon, primarily with respect to the accuracy of its characterization by the diffusion and fast two-site exchange models. In this study, a detailed characterization of the deoxygenation-induced T2 reduction in human whole blood, as well as a comprehensive assessment of the role of tau180, were performed at 3 T. The diffusion model was found to better fit the observed T2 behavior as compared with the exchange model. The estimated diffusion-model parameters suggest the T2 decay enhancement at 3 T is due to a linear increase in the magnitude of deoxygenation-induced field inhomogeneities with field strength. These findings also confirm the potential of tau180 manipulation in measuring changes in venous blood volume.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.661
Threshold uncertainty score0.893

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.299
Teacher spread0.285 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it