Beyond the Politics of Protest: The Landless Rural Workers Movement of Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT ABSTRACT This paper examines the Landless Rural Workers Movement (MST) in Brazil within the context of development and globalization. The MST is pursuing the genuine democratization of Brazil's power structures, which have excluded the poor for centuries. Comprehensive land reform is the starting point in this process. The MST is implementing the stagnant National Plan of Agrarian Reform (PNRA) from the bottom up through the direct occupation of uncultivated private or public lands. It is using non-violent means to seek social justice and is funding its operations with little foreign aid. More significantly, this movement is linking micro-politics to macro-politics to advance the democratization of the polity and economy. Its political praxis reveals great potential for devising alternative, but concrete, counter-hegemonic discourses to neo-liberalism. RÉSUMÉ Cet article examine le mouvement des paysans sans terre au Brésil dans le contexte du développement et de la mondialisation. Ce mouvement poursuit la véritable démocratisation des structures du pouvoir du pays, qui excluent les pauvres depuis des siècles. Une vaste réforme agraire constitue le point de départ de la démarche. Le mouvement met en œuvre à partir de la base le plan national de réforme agraire reposant sur l'occupation directe des terres privées ou publiques non cultivées. Il a recours à des moyens pacifiques pour réclamer la justice sociale et finance ses activités sans guère recourir à l'aide étrangère. Qui plus est, le mouvement jette des ponts entre la micro-politique et la macropolitique pour faire progresser la démocratisation du régime politique et de l'économie. Sa praxis politique révèle un avenir prometteur pour la formulation d'un discours contre-hégémonique concret propre à remplacer le néo-libéralisme.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".