Increase in Urinary Kallikrein Excretion following Hemodialysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Urinary kallikrein excretion (UKE) was measured in 20 patients before and after hemodialysis (HD). When compared to the values of normal subjects (136 +/- 56 micrograms/24 h, n = 100), UKE was decreased in all patients before HD (6.6 +/- 5.8 micrograms/24 h, p less than 0.001, n = 20). After HD a significant increase in 24-hour UKE was observed in all patients (18.6 +/- 7.2 micrograms/24 h, p less than 0.05, n = 20). Expressed as the individual percent increase, the UKE enhancement ranged from 16 to 670%. It was due to an enhancement in the excretion of the active form which represented 52 +/- 6.8% before HD and reached 76.3 +/- 7.5% of the total form after HD (p less than 0.01). The excretion of the inactive form remained unchanged. The increase in UKE was found to be significantly correlated with reductions in urinary sodium, potassium, and osmolality (r = -0.826, r = -0.568, r = -0.847, respectively, p less than 0.01, n = 20). The increase in UKE following HD could not be explain by an increase in aldosterone as urinary aldosterone decreased. A transient improvement in intracellular homeostasis (removal of inhibitory toxins and normalization of osmotic pressure) could be evoked. The increase in UKE 24 h after HD points out a new situation confirming the relations of UKE with changes in osmolality and extracellular volume.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".