Composite spectra Paper 14: HR 1129, a long-period binary showing evidence of circumbinary material
Bibliographic record
Abstract
HR 1129 is a 4.8-mag star in the constellation Camelopardus, strangely (in view of its brightness) lacking a constellation designation. It has long been known to exhibit a composite spectrum consisting of a late-type primary and an early-type secondary. The radial velocity of the primary is easily measured, and was announced as variable nearly 100 years ago. A preliminary orbit with a period of 6150 d was given for it by one of the present authors in 1990; our new value is 6124 ± 3 d. The system has been resolved by speckle interferometry, but has not been measured systematically by that technique. The spectrum of the primary is found to be very similar to that of α Aqr (G2 Ib), although the parallax shows HR 1129 to be somewhat less luminous. The secondary spectrum has been isolated by subtraction and has proved to be that of a B7 star that is somewhat above the main sequence and may itself already be a giant. We present a comprehensive discussion of the spectra of both stars, and deduce that the system is considerably reddened: E(B−V) ∼ 0.30, AV∼ 0.9 mag. By incorporating 25 measurements of the radial velocity of the secondary, we calculate a double-lined orbit solution which gives the mass ratio for the components as 1.109 ± 0.022; we determine individual masses of 4.8–5.2 M⊙ (primary) and 4.3–4.7 M⊙ (secondary). The orbit is viewed at an inclination of ∼ 87°, but there are no eclipses. However, around the phases of conjunction the Mg ii doublet near λ2800 Å, as seen in IUE spectra, exhibits evidence of two circumstellar absorption systems, which we interpret as a wind from the cool giant and a static shell around it. Substantial 100-μm emission recorded by IRAS points to the presence of warm circumbinary dust enveloping the system, and is likely to have originated in the stellar wind.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".