Autistic-like traits in Lewis rats exposed perinatally to a mixture of common endocrine disruptors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Epidemiological data suggest that prenatal exposure to either phthalates or flame retardants can affect mental and motor development, and can provoke internalizing behavior and attention deficit. We hypothesize that simultaneous exposure in utero to several environmental endocrine disruptors such as phthalates and flame retardants at low doses impairs brain development and leads to behavioral traits similar to those observed in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). To characterize behavior relevant to ASD and common co-morbidities such as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) rat offspring were exposed perinatally to a mixture of phthalates and flame retardants (DEHP, DBP, DiNP, BDE-47, BDE-99) at low doses. Pregnant Lewis rats were divided into 3 groups: negative control; exposed to the mixture of endocrine disruptors; and a positive control for ASD, valproic acid, an antiepileptic drug known to cause autism in humans. Following perinatal exposure by daily gavage, behavioral tests were administered to offspring: nest-seeking behavior, auditory startle reflex, open field, elevated plus maze, and a test of social interactions. Offspring exposed to the mixture of phthalates and PBDEs showed hyperactivity, and the males had lower maternal bonding and reduced social interactions. In addition, both males and females from the exposure group showed a remarkable escaping behavior, not present in the other groups. Exposure to low doses of phthalates and flame retardants provokes behavioral alterations consistent with certain autistic- and ADHD-like traits.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".