A Late Cretaceous (TuronianConiacian) high-latitude turtle assemblage from the Canadian Arctic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three turtles are present in a TuronianConiacian age high-latitude vertebrate assemblage from Axel Heiberg Island: Borealochelys axelheibergensis gen. et sp. nov., a generically indeterminate eucryptodire, and a trionychid. The assemblage differs from most Late Cretaceous turtle assemblages from North America in that members of the Paracryptodira are absent. The absence of this group is interpreted as a result of latitudinal differentiation of turtle assemblages in North America during the Late Cretaceous. The level of diversity of turtles in the Axel Heiberg assemblage is comparable to that of mid-latitude assemblages associated with a mean annual paleotemperature of 14 °C, adding to the evidence for high mean annual temperatures at high latitudes during TuronianConiacian times.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".