Leptin and the obesity hypoventilation syndrome: a leap of faith?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A possible role for leptin or its analogues in the treatment of the obesity hypoventilation syndrome The discovery of the anti-obesity hormone leptin (the name is derived from the Greek “leptos” meaning “thin”), the product of the ob gene,1 has fuelled a recent surge of interest in the mechanisms regulating mammalian fat stores. Leptin, a 16 kD protein of 167 amino acids with a similar crystal structure to cytokines,2 is produced primarily by white adipose tissue.3 The hormone elicits appetite suppression and weight loss.4,5 Leptin circulates in the plasma in the free and protein bound forms. Circulating plasma leptin levels reflect the amount of energy storage in adipose tissue and increase exponentially with increasing fat mass.6 Plasma leptin levels also respond to short term energy imbalance, increasing during periods of overfeeding and decreasing with fasting.7,8 The hormone activates specific receptors9 located at several sites throughout the brain, but plays a key role at the hypothalamus, in particular, where it alters the expression of several hypothalamic neuropeptides.10,11 One of these, neuropeptide Y (NPY), is a potent stimulator of food intake and activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Leptin inhibits synthesis of hypothalamic NPY and downregulation of NPY is associated with appetite suppression, increased sympathetic nervous system outflow, and increased energy expenditure.12 Increasing leptin levels activate the thyroid hormone, gonadal, and growth hormone axes and suppress the pituitary-adrenal axis.13 It must be emphasised that human obesity is a complex disorder, probably resulting from both …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it