Modulation of the Course and Outcome of Blood‐Stage Malaria by Erythropoietin‐Induced Reticulocytosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Severe anemia is a major life-threatening complication of malaria. The roles of erythropoietin (Epo) and erythropoiesis during blood-stage malaria were investigated. By treating Plasmodium chabaudi AS-infected C57BL/6 (B6) mice, which are resistant to malaria, with polyclonal anti-human Epo neutralizing antibody, we demonstrated that Epo-induced reticulocytosis was important for alleviating malarial anemia and for host survival. By inducing erythropoiesis in A/J mice, which are susceptible to malaria, and in B6 mice at various periods during infection, by use of exogenous recombinant murine Epo, untimely onset of reticulocytosis was shown to augment multiplication of parasites and result in lethal infection. However, timely inducement of reticulocytosis with Epo treatment alleviated malarial anemia and increased survival. Our data reveal the important role of Epo-induced reticulocytosis in modulating the course and outcome of blood-stage malaria. However, the mechanisms underlying the increased mortality associated with untimely treatment with Epo and the increased protection associated with timely treatment with Epo remain to be investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".