Snail‐associated epithelial–mesenchymal transition promotes oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma motility and progression
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The essential contribution of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to carcinoma progression is the loss of their epithelial characters, gain of mesenchymal marker expression, acquisition of migration, invasive activity and capability to pass through the basement membrane. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of EMT regulator Snail, a zinc finger transcription factor, in human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC). Most OESCC cell lines expressed epithelial cell-cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin and claudin-1 and -7; however, TE-8 (Snail-positive) cells expressed mesenchymal marker vimentin but not E-cadherin and claudins. Transduction of ectopic Snail in TE-15 (Snail-negative) cells diminished expression of these epithelial adhesion molecules with promotion of cell migration, invasion and proliferation as well as the shift from cobblestone-like appearance to spindle morphology. In OESCC tissue samples, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the nuclear Snail expression at the invasive front was correlated with the high levels of vimentin expression (p = 0.0061), which was conversely associated with reduced expressions of E-cadherin (p = 0.023), claudin-1 (p = 0.0246) and claudin-7 (p = 0.0161). Interestingly, elevated Snail expression at the invasive front of the OESCC was associated with higher incidence of lymphatic (p = 0.0143) and venous vessels invasion (p = 0.0029), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0074) and clinicopathological tumour stage (p = 0.0057). According to the expressions of epithelial and mesenchymal markers, the tumours were subclassified into three groups, the epithelial-type OESCC and the complete or incomplete EMT-type OESCCs. Snail-positive tumours were frequently categorized into the complete- or incomplete-type EMT phenotypes. Our present results suggest the significance of Snail-associated EMT in the progression of OESCC. Snail-induced EMT at the invasive front of the OESCC can be a novel marker for the prediction of metastasis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".