Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper surveys the international legal frameworks, including the many guidelines, handbooks, resolutions, toolkits, conclusions and manuals produced by various United Nations bodies, that confirm an awareness of the protection issues specific to women and girls displaced by conflict. It explores the extent to which these documents address the gendered impacts of conflict-induced migration, and the role of United Nations bodies as international governmental organisations in implementing these norms. The main focus is upon internally displaced women and women refugees. In addition to problems of enforcing compliance with existing guidelines, the paper concludes that two areas – developing strategies to accommodate the realities of long-term, even permanent displacement and enhancing women’s literal and legal literacy – require much greater attention on the part of governmental and non-governmental international organisations.RésuméCet article passe en revue les cadres juridiques internationaux, notamment les nombreux guides, manuels, instruments, directives, résolutions et conclusions préparés par plusieurs institutions des Nations Unies, qui confirment la prise de conscience des problèmes de protection propres aux femmes et aux filles déplacées par les conflits. Il se demande dans quelle mesure ces documents abordent les conséquences pour les femmes de la migration induite par les conflits ainsi que le rôle des Nations Unies comme organisations gouvernementales internationales dans l’application de ces normes. L’accent est mis sur les femmes déplacées à l’intérieur de leur pays et les femmes réfugiées. Outre les difficultés à faire respecter les directives existantes, l’article conclut que deux domaines d’intervention exigent beaucoup plus d’attention des organisations internationales gouvernementales et non gouvernementales : définir des stratégies tenant compte des réalités du déplacement à long terme, voire permanent, et favoriser l’alphabétisation des femmes et les familiariser avec les normes juridiques.ResumenEn este artículo se examinan los marcos jurídicos internacionales, incluidas las numerosas directrices, guías, resoluciones, herramientas, conclusiones y manuales producidos por diversos organismos de las Naciones Unidas, que confirman conocimiento de los aspectos de protección específicos a las mujeres y niñas desplazadas por conflicto. Se explora hasta qué punto estos documentos tratan el impacto en género de la migración inducida por conflicto y la función de los organismos de la ONU como organizaciones gubernamentales internacionales en la aplicación de estas normas. Se centra en las mujeres desplazadas internamente y en mujeres refugiadas. Además de los problemas en hacer cumplir las directrices establecidas, el artículo concluye que dos áreas – elaborar estrategias que tomen en cuenta las realidades del desplazamiento a largo plazo, incluso permanente, y mejorar el alfabetismo literal y jurídico de las mujeres – requieren mucha más atención por parte de las organizaciones internacionales gubernamentales y no gubernamentales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".