Clinical Findings in a Large Family With a Parkin Ex3Δ40 Mutation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe a large consanguineous family in which inheritance of a 438- to 477-base pair deletion in exon 3 (Ex3Delta40) in the parkin gene resulted in parkinsonism (age range at onset, 24-32 years). DESIGN: Fifty-two family members underwent genetic analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Two clinical examiners blinded to genetic status evaluated 21 family members, including all mutation carriers (4 homozygous and 12 heterozygous individuals; 5 family members did not have the mutation). RESULTS: In this family, the parkin Ex3Delta40 mutation is recessive; only homozygotes manifest symptoms of early-onset levodopa-responsive parkinsonism, including resting tremor, dystonia, and slow progression, with the caveat that presymptomatic signs of dopaminergic loss in heterozygotes must be excluded by fluorodopa F 18 with positron emission tomography. This contrasts with the autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance of parkinsonism described in families with the same mutation. CONCLUSION: In families with a dominant inheritance, an additional genetic or environmental cause must coexist with the Ex3Delta40 mutation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".