Early familiarity has fitness consequences for Arctic char (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>) juveniles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Familiarity is an important factor reducing aggressiveness among individuals. Because of the reduced energy and time expenditure due to lowered aggression, individuals would be expected to perform better in groups of familiar conspecifics as compared with individuals in groups of strangers. However, few studies have examined potential fitness consequences of familiarity. We created familiar (from tanks where several thousands of unrelated fish had been kept since fertilization) and unfamiliar (by combining fish from several tanks) groups of underyearling Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and followed their performance for a 21-day period. Familiarity within groups enhanced survival and body condition of the fish. The fish in familiar groups also grew better in weight and in length. Furthermore, familiar fish differed less in length variation after the experimental period compared with fish reared in unfamiliar groups. There was also a tendency towards similar difference in the variation of weight. These results provide direct evidence for beneficial fitness consequences of early familiarity in Arctic char.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".