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Record W2050080987 · doi:10.1080/07060660709507484

Pathogenic variability of<i>Leptosphaeria maculans</i>in western Canada

2007· article· en· W2050080987 on OpenAlexfundvenueaboutno aff
H. R. Kutcher, M. Keri, Debra L. McLaren, S. R. Rimmer

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Journal of Plant Pathology · 2007
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicPlant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersAgriculture and Agri-Food CanadaSaskatchewan Canola Development Commission
KeywordsLeptosphaeria maculansCanolaBlacklegVirulenceBiologyBrassicaPathogenicityVeterinary medicineBotanyMicrobiologyGeneticsGeneMedicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Blackleg, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, is one of the most destructive diseases in Brassica species in Canada and worldwide. Information on variability in virulence is essential for the development of effective control strategies. To characterize the virulence structure of the L. maculans population in western Canada, 262 Leptosphaeria isolates collected from Brassica napus and Brassica rapa (canola) fields between 1998 and 2000 were evaluated for virulence on two sets of B. napus differentials, each with three lines. The isolates were classified into two Leptosphaeria species based on the differential reaction on 'Westar'. Sixty-nine isolates (28.3%) avirulent on 'Westar' were identified as Leptosphaeria biglobosa and 175 isolates (71.3%) virulent on 'Westar' as L. maculans. The L. maculans isolates were classified into three pathogenicity groups (PGs) based on their differential reactions to lines in set A. Eighteen of the field isolates were not classifiable because of inconsistent differential reactions. In western Canada, PG2 was predominant, comprising 81.7% of L. maculans isolates. A new pathotype virulent on 'Westar' and 'Quinta' and avirulent on 'Glacier' was identified and characterized as PGT. Isolates with this virulence pattern increased from 9.7% in 1998 to 22.5% in 2000 and were more prevalent in Manitoba (30.7%) than in Saskatchewan (15.4%) or Alberta (11.6%). A single PG3 isolate was detected in southern Manitoba. Further characterization of the L. maculans isolates on lines in differential set B allowed discrimination of eight pathotypes from 143 PG2 isolates and five pathotypes from 31 PGT isolates. Over one-half of the L. maculans isolates were virulent on 'Quantum' with the resistance gene Rlm4 that has been extensively used in Canadian canola cultivars. Selection pressure on the pathogen from race-specific resistance genes in canola cultivars was probably the cause of the changes in virulence observed. Key words: blackleg resistance, gene-for-gene interactions, oilseed rape, Phoma lingam. La jambe noire, causée par le Leptosphaeria maculans, est une des maladies les plus destructrices chez les espèces de Brassica au Canada et à travers le monde. Des connaissances sur la variabilité de la virulence sont essentielles pour le développement de moyens de lutte efficaces. Afin de caractériser la structure de la virulence de la population de L. maculans dans l'Ouest du Canada, la virulence de 262 isolats de Leptosphaeria obtenus de champs de Brassica napus and Brassica rapa (canola) entre 1998 et 2000 fut évaluée sur deux séries de populations différentielles de Brassica napus, chacune composée de trois lignées. En se fondant sur leur réaction différentielle sur 'Westar', les isolats furent classés en deux espèces de Leptosphaeria. Soixante-neuf isolats (28,3 %) non virulents sur 'Westar' furent identifiés comme L. biglobosa et 175 isolats (71,3 %) virulents sur 'Westar', comme L. maculans. Les isolats de L. maculans furent classés en trois groupes de pathogénicité (GP) en fonction de leur réaction différentielle sur les lignées de la série A. Dix-huit des isolats du champ n'étaient pas classables à cause de réactions différentielles variables. Dans l'Ouest du Canada, le groupe GP2 était prédominant avec 81,7 % des isolats de L. maculans. Un nouveau pathotype virulent sur 'Westar' et 'Quinta' et non virulent sur 'Glacier' fut identifié et caractérisé sous le nom de GPT. Les isolats possédant ce patron de virulence augmentèrent de 9,7 % en 1998 à 22,5 % en 2000 et furent plus prévalents au Manitoba (30,7 %) qu'en Saskatchewan (15,4 %) ou qu'en Alberta (11,6 %). Un seul isolat du groupe GP3 fut détecté dans le sud du Manitoba. La caractérisation supplémentaire des isolats de L. maculans sur les lignées différentielles de la série B a permis la discrimination de huit pathotypes parmi les 143 isolats du groupe GP2 et cinq pathotypes parmi les 31 isolats du groupe GPT. Plus de la moitié des isolats de L. maculans étaient virulents sur 'Quantum' qui possède le gène de résistance Rlm4 largement utilizé dans les cultivars canadiens de canola. La pression de sélection sur l'agent pathogène due à la présence de gènes de résistance spécifique à la race chez les cultivars de canola fut probablement la cause des changements observés dans la virulence. Mots-clés : résistance à la jambe noire, interactions gène pour gène, colza oléagineux, Phoma lingam.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.393
Threshold uncertainty score0.390

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.011
GPT teacher head0.195
Teacher spread0.184 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations34
Published2007
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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