Effect of Strain Rate and Temperature Gradient on Warm Formability of Aluminum Alloy Sheet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of temperature gradient and forming speed on warm formability of aluminum alloy sheet has been studied using a coupled thermal mechanical finite element model of cup deep drawing. A user‐defined material model was developed using the Bergstrom temperature and strain‐rate dependant hardening model and Barlat YLD2000 anisotropic yield surface, which was implemented within LS‐DYNA. The stress‐strain curves for AA3003 at elevated temperatures and different strain rates were used to fit the Bergstrom hardening parameters. The anisotropy parameters were considered to be non‐temperature dependant. The numerical model was validated against experiments from previous work and was found to accurately predict punch force for warm deep drawing. Increases in forming speed are shown to have a negative effect on formability. It is concluded that non‐isothermal warm forming can be used to improve the formability of aluminum alloy sheet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".