Analysis of Foxp2 expression in the cerebellum reveals a possible sex difference
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deletion of the gene Foxp2 affects ultrasonic vocalizations and induces morphological abnormalities in the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum in mice. Castration decreases the production of ultrasonic vocalizations in rats, but the mechanisms of androgenic regulation of ultrasounds are unknown. We explored a possible relationship between Foxp2 expression and androgens in the Purkinje cell layer of wild-type and androgen-insensitive male rats, as well as estrous and nonestrous female rats. Analyses of relative optical densities of Foxp2 immunoreactivity revealed significantly greater immunolabeling in the wild-type and testicular feminization mutation-affected male rats (which did not differ from each other) than in either the estrous or nonestrous female rats (which similarly did not differ from each other). These data suggest a sex difference in Foxp2 expression in the cerebellum.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".