Utilization of Atikokan coal fly ash in acid rock drainage control from Musselwhite Mine tailings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A site-specific study is carried out to assess the suitability of utilizing Atikokan coal fly ash (AFA) as a buffering material to control and mitigate the generation of acid rock drainage from reactive Musselwhite Mine tailings. The physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of the fly ash and mine tailings are determined via experiments, followed by six kinetic column permeation tests to monitor the leaching properties of the coal fly ash and coal fly ash mine tailings mixtures. The results of the experiments indicate that the hydraulic conductivities of high-calcium AFA and the ashtailings mixtures are significantly reduced upon contact with acidic drainage. The pH of the pore fluid has increased from acidic (pH 4) to alkaline (pH 8 and above). Chemical analyses after the kinetic column permeation tests further indicate that concentrations of regulated elements in the leachate from the ashtailings mixtures are well below the guideline limits set by the Ontario environmental authority for accelerated flow conditions.Key words: coal fly ash, mine tailings, hydraulic conductivity, pH, heavy metals, acid rock drainage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".