Shallow faults, Upper Cretaceous clinoforms, and the Colonsay Collapse, Saskatchewan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reflection seismic data in the vicinity of the Colonsay potash mine near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, reveal numerous shallow normal faults with vertical displacements of as much as 25 m. The faults cut the glacial deposits and Upper Cretaceous rocks to a maximum depth of about 400 m. Horizontal length ranges from a few hundred to a few thousand metres. Similar faults are also exposed in several widely separated open-pit coal mines of southern Saskatchewan and may be common elsewhere in the prairies. Such faulting is considered to be a result of Tertiary to Quaternary extensional tectonics and may have been aided in this region by the melting of gas hydrates. The study area includes the east flank of the Colonsay Collapse, a subsidence structure caused by dissolution and removal of salt in the 200 m thick Devonian Prairie Evaporite Formation. Salt was removed in two stages prior to or during early glacial time and in late-glacial time. Subsidence was gradual, with no observable faulting. A complex of clinoform structures about 120 m thick and prograding east-northeast occurs in the Upper Cretaceous Lea Park Formation in the study area and may correlate to the Alderson Member of southern Saskatchewan. Strong seismic reflections within the complex could be due to gas-filled porosity. Where undermined by salt removal in the Colonsay Collapse, the clinoform structures now form drape antiforms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".