Pheromone content of azinphosmethyl-susceptible and -resistant obliquebanded leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) as a function of time of day and female age
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The effect of time of day and age on the amounts and ratios of four pheromone compounds [( Z )-11-tetradecenyl acetate ( Z 11-14:Ac), ( E )-11-tetradecenyl acetate ( E 11-14:Ac), ( Z )-11-tetradecenol ( Z 11-14:OH), and ( Z )-11-tetradecenal ( Z 11-14:Al)] was compared in azinphosmethyl-susceptible (susceptible) and -resistant (resistant) female obliquebanded leafrollers, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). The amounts of all four pheromone compounds varied during the hour before and five hours after the onset of scotophase. The glands of resistant females contained approximately one half the amount of Z 11-14:Ac and Z 11-14:OH as the glands of susceptible females during the second and third hours of scotophase, and between 50 and 70% as much Z 11-14:Al as the glands of susceptible females during the hour before and second to fourth hours of scotophase. The glands of susceptible and resistant females contained similar amounts of E 11-14:Ac. The relative amounts of each of the four pheromone compounds were affected by time of day but not by resistance status. There was a negative linear relationship between the amounts of each of the four compounds and female age in both types of females. The amounts of Z 11-14:Ac and E 11-14:Ac declined at similar rates with age in susceptible and resistant females; the amounts of Z 11-14:OH and Z 11-14:Al declined more rapidly with age in susceptible than in resistant females. The relative amounts of the four compounds were not affected by female age. Temporal variation in the relative amounts of pheromone in susceptible and resistant C . rosaceana may be associated with similar variation in the emission of pheromone and corresponding temporal variation in the relative attractiveness of the two types of females.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it