Allowable Axial Flaw Sizes for Stainless Steel Pipes Derived From Limit Load Criteria and Failure Assessment Diagram Procedure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Piping containing flaws that exceed the Acceptance Standards of Section XI of the ASME Code is evaluated using analytical procedures described in Section XI to determine plant operability for the evaluated time period. Subarticle IWB-3640 of Section XI provides allowable axial and circumferential part-through-wall flaws determined from limit load criteria. ASME Section XI Code Case N-494-3 also provides evaluation procedures based on use of a failure assessment diagram to determine allowable flaw sizes. To understand the allowable flaw sizes determined by the limit load criteria and the failure assessment diagram procedure, anstenitic stainless steel pipes with axial part-through-wall flaws with a wide range of pipe diameters were analyzed. The allowable flaw depth based on limit load from Code Case N-494-3 was determined to be very close to that determined from IWB-3640 of Section XI, when the predicted failure mode is elastic-plastic fracture. It was found that the allowable flaw depths derived from the failure assessment diagram procedure of Code Case N-494-3, are lower, but are not significantly different, from those determined from the limit load criteria of IWB-3640. This is due to the relatively high fracture toughness that was used for the austenitic stainless steel.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.012 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".