Bibliographic record
Abstract
Time- and frequency-domain analyses are used to revisit a well studied case of an aeroelastic wing with control-surface freeplay nonlinearity. The dynamic response in general is presented as dependent on the stability of two linear systems, with zero and nominal control-surface rotational stiffness, and values of two angles, freeplay and preload. The principal new findings include the following. A physical explanation is given to the bifurcation airspeeds and frequencies of the oscillations for the system with both zero and nonzero aerodynamic preload of the control surface. For the latter and more complex case, it is shown and explained why a certain amount of the preload is not only always destabilizing but may also be the reason for the otherwise unexpected higher-frequency oscillations. A conclusion thus is drawn that the aircraft control-surface freeplay analyses based only on zero and high quenching aerodynamic preloads are nonconservative. All results are compared with the experimental and other published theoretical analyses for the considered model. Finally, a suggestion is given for future experiments with a goal to observe the response changes with the preload and to determine the stabilizing control-surface hinge moment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".