Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three papers in this issue of Neurology 1-3⇓⇓ and one that appeared 3 months ago4 report patients with newly discovered diseases of protein glycosylation. Glycosylation is a post-translational modification of proteins to form glycoproteins, which serve crucial roles in function such as mediating cell adhesion and signaling, as well as being the backbone of basal lamina.5 Glycosylation takes place in the Golgi apparatus by the sequential attachment and removal of oligosaccharide moieties or glycans (including mannose, galactose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine, and sialic acid). Glycoproteins have been classified as N-linked or O-linked.5 In N-linked glycoproteins the glycan moiety is linked, via N-acetylglucosamine, to the amide group of an asparagine residue of the protein.6 In the most abundant form of O-linked glycoproteins the glycan is linked, via N-acetylgalactosamine to the hydroxyl group of either serine or threonine of the protein.5 Recently, however, other types of O-glycosylation have been described in mammals, including O-mannosylation, in which the glycan moiety is linked, via mannose, to the hydroxyl group of either serine or threonine.7 O-mannosyl types of glycoproteins are of particular importance for skeletal muscle because a key sarcolemmal glycoprotein, α-dystroglycan, important in the pathogenesis of many muscular dystrophies, belongs in this category.8 A disturbed glycosylation profile of proteins may be a result of nonspecific cellular pathology, but in the past 3 years many diseases have been discovered to be caused by a primary genetic defect that disrupts the normal glycosylation pattern of proteins. Glycosylation defects may occur as a result of a deficient …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.014 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".