Long‐term depression requires postsynaptic AMPA GluR2 receptor in adult mouse cingulate cortex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Synaptic long-term depression (LTD) is thought to be important for various brain functions such as learning, memory, and development. Although anterior cingulated cortex (ACC) has been demonstrated to contribute to learning and memory, no studies has been reported about the synaptic mechanisms for cingulate LTD. Here, we used integrative genetic, pharmacological and electrophysiological approaches to demonstrate that AMPA GluR2, but not GluR3, subunit is critical for cingulate LTD. We found that LTD was absent in adult cingulate slices of GluR2 knockout mice. Furthermore, postsynaptic injections of peptides that inhibit AMPA GluR2-PDZ interactions blocked the induction of LTD. To determine if the requirement for AMPA receptor-PDZ interaction is time-dependent, we injected the same inhibiting peptide into the postsynaptic cells 5 min after the induction of LTD. We found that LTD was not affected by the peptide, providing the first evidence that postsynaptic AMPA GluR2-mediated depression occurs rapidly (within t = 5 min). Genetic deletion of GluR3 did not affect cingulate LTD. Our results provide the first study of cingulate LTD mechanism using whole-cell patch-clamp recording in adult cortical slices and demonstrate that postsynaptic AMPA GluR2 subunit is crucial for synaptic depression in the ACC of adult mice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".