The effect of time spent in isolation on the response to novel nonsocial stimulation in the angelfish <i>Pterophyllum scalare</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The response of juvenile angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) to a sudden mechanical stimulus and to a visual stimulus moving slowly across the front wall of the aquarium was studied in solitary fish after 1 and 4 days in isolation. The sudden application of a mechanical stimulus resulted in an escape response followed by immobility. Fish isolated for 1 day resumed swimming earlier than did those isolated for 4 days, i.e., swimming in the latter fish was suppressed for longer. In contrast, a slowly moving visual stimulus evoked persistent approach behaviour in 4-day-isolated fish throughout its presentation, whereas 1-day-isolated fish approached the stimulus only towards the end of its travel. The increased response to the stimuli as time spent in isolation increased is discussed in terms of a change in priorities between opposing tendencies to reinstate social contact with conspecifics and to evade predation, and indicates how time spent in isolation may influence decision-making by individuals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".