Localization of NAD+ Synthesis Enzymes in the Pathogenic Yeast Candida glabrata
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Candida glabrata is an opportunistic yeast pathogen of humans and accounts for approximately 4% of all catheter associated urinary tract infection. It is normally controlled by the body's immune system and the body's bacteria flora, but can cause serious mucosal and systemic infecitons. C. glabrata is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) auxotroph, which depends on the environmental supply of NAD + precursors using nicotinamide riboside (NR), nicotinic acid (NA), and nicotinamide (NAM) as NAD + precursors. These precursors are used in a functional Preiss-Handler pathway to produce NAD + . We focused on the location of enzymes used in the Preiss-Handler pathway of C. glabrata under conditions replete for NAD + precursors and under extreme conditions such as NAD + precursor starvation. The C-terminus of the Npt1, Qns1, Nrk1 and Pnc1 was tagged with GFP to identify the location of the enzymes in the yeast before and after starvation of NA and NR. Under the fluorescent microscope, localization of enzymes was found in the cytoplasm before and after starvation. Therefore, within the limits of our assay, we conclude that localization of the Preiss-Handler pathway enzymes in C. glabrata is unaffected by environmental conditions. We intend to confirm and extend these results by exploring the subcellular localization of pathway enzymes using different tags for localization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".