Critical Experimental Comparison between Five Techniques for the Determination of Interfacial Tension in Polymer Blends: Model System of Polystyrene/Polyamide-6
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A critical review and experimental comparison between different techniques for the determination of interfacial tension are presented for a model polymer pair. Five experimental methods were applied to measure the interfacial tension for the model pair of polystyrene (PS) and polyamide-6 (PA-6) at the same temperature. The techniques include three dynamic methods (the breaking thread method, the imbedded fiber retraction method, and the retraction of deformed drop method), one equilibrium method (the pendant drop method), and a rheological method based on linear viscoelastic measurements. The advantages, the limitations, and the difficulties of each technique are discussed and compared.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it