Quantitative Measurement of tissue damage and recovery within new T2w lesions in pediatric- and adult-onset multiple sclerosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) have a similar T2 lesion burden as adults matched for disease duration. However, it is unknown whether the degree of tissue destruction within lesions is also similar. Persistent reduced T1-weighted signal intensity within lesions indicates loss of tissue integrity. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare change over a 2-year period in T1 intensity within new T2 lesions, from pre-lesion levels to chronic post-lesion levels, between pediatric and adult-onset MS. METHODS: A two-point intensity-normalization method was used to generate normalized T1-weighted (NT1) images from T1-weighted data in 29 pediatric MS patients (age(mean±SD, years), disease duration (years)=15.7±2.4, 3.9±2.6) and 24 adult MS patients (36.7±8.9, 6.9±4.8). Subjects were imaged at three consecutive timepoints, 1 year apart. For each subject, a 'new-T2' lesion mask was created and the NT1 intensities 'pre-lesion', 'peri-lesion' and 'post-lesion' were determined. A longitudinal model was used to capture NT1 changes. RESULTS: The NT1 in both groups failed to recover to pre-lesion values by 1 year post-lesion (p=0.0002), with children showing significantly better recovery than adults (p=0.0089). CONCLUSIONS: Both groups showed a significant chronic reduction of T1 intensity within new T2 lesions. However, children showed a significantly greater recovery of T1 intensity, suggesting that MS lesions in the pediatric MS population are less destructive, or that pediatric patients have greater reparative capacity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".