The effect of island area on body size in a primate species from the Sunda Shelf Islands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Aim We examine the effect of island area on body dimensions in a single species of primate endemic to Southeast Asia, the long‐tailed macaque ( Macaca fascicularis ). In addition, we test Allen’s rule and a within‐species or intraspecific equivalent of Bergmann’s rule (i.e. Rensch’s rule) to evaluate body size and shape evolution in this sample of insular macaques. Location The Sunda Shelf islands of Southeast Asia. Methods Body size measurements of insular macaques gathered from the literature were analysed relative to island area, latitude, maximum altitude, isolation from the mainland and other islands, and various climatic variables using linear regression. Results We found no statistically significant relationship between island area and body length or head length in our sample of insular long‐tailed macaques. Tail length correlated negatively with island area. Head length and body length exhibited increases corresponding to increasing latitude, a finding seemingly consistent with the expression of Bergmann’s rule within a single species. These variables, however, were not correlated with temperature, indicating that Bergmann’s rule is not in effect. Tail length was not correlated with either temperature or increasing latitude, contrary to that predicted by Allen’s rule. Main conclusions The island rule dictating that body size will covary with island area does not apply to this particular species of primate. Our study is consistent with results presented in the literature by demonstrating that skull and body length in insular long‐tailed macaques do not, strictly speaking, conform to Rensch’s rule. Unlike previous studies, however, our findings suggest that tail‐length variation in insular macaques does not support Allen’s rule.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".