Theoretical investigation of capillary flow under gravity with microbead suspension
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the present study, gravity assisted capillary transport of microbead suspension is investigated theoretically. An additional gravitational head from the reservoir which is placed at the top of the capillary is considered as pressure force at the inlet of capillary. The pressure field distribution at the inlet of capillary is deduced to calculate this inlet pressure force. The non-dimensional governing equation is derived by taking into account the surface, viscous and gravity forces which act on the fluid front. Presence of microbeads delays the capillary transport. It is observed from the numerical solution of the governing equation that, not only the aspect ratio of the capillary but the aspect ratio of reservoir also plays a vital role in the flow front transport in the capillary. Although higher fluid level in the reservoir has added advantage towards higher gravitational head, the resistance from reservoir makes the progress of the flow front movement slow at the beginning of the transport. The physical properties of the fluid also play an important role in deciding the progression fluid flow front.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".