Studies on lipid metabolism in trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) branchial cultures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cultured branchial cell epithelia from freshwater rainbow trout were incubated with ((32)P)phosphate and ((14)C)acetate as lipid precursors under both symmetrical (L15 media apical/L15 media basolateral) and asymmetrical (freshwater apical/L15 media basolateral) culture conditions. Epithelia composed of pavement cells alone, or containing both pavement cells and chloride cells, were examined. Lipids (labeled with (32)P and (14)C) were isolated and assayed by thinlayer chromatography, and fatty acids (labeled with (14)C) were isolated and assayed by paper chromatography. The main goal was to see whether the loss of a major incorporation into ((32)P)phosphatidylethanolamine [((32)P)PE], previously seen in eel gills in vivo when the fish were transferred from an osmotic steady state to more dilute media, was the result of a hormonal regulation, i.e., did it only apply to gill tissue in vivo or could it also be seen in the absence of hormonal modulation after incorporation of ((32)P)phosphate in vitro? We likewise wished to see whether a major incorporation into ((32)P)PE was dependent upon the presence of chloride cells. Results show that it is possible to obtain a ((32)P)PE dominated incorporation pattern, even in the pavement cells alone, provided that ((32)P)phosphate is added specifically to freshwater on the apical side of epithelia bathed asymmetrically (freshwater/L15). This is identical to the pattern seen in vivo in trout adapted to freshwater. However, this pattern is not seen under symmetrical conditions (L15/L15) or when ((32)P)phosphate is added to the basolateral media. The shift from symmetrical (L15/L15) to asymmetrical (freshwater/L15) culture conditions thus leads to the establishment of a major incorporation into ((32)P)PE and not to the equivalent loss as seen in vivo in more dilute apical media. We conclude that hormonal control is not needed to change the pattern of short-term lipid formation but, nevertheless, the responses are not altogether the same in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, cultured trout gill epithelia, in contrast to gills in vivo, do not exhibit a marked incorporation of ((14)C)acetate into palmitoleic acid.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".