COMPARISON BETWEEN THE <i>IN VIVO</i> AND <i>IN VITRO</i> EXPRESSION OF THREE ADHESION‐SIGNALING PROTEINS IN EMBRYONIC CELLS
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have examined the relationship between the in vivo and in vitro expression of three adhesion-signaling proteins (FAK, PYK2 and Paxillin), using cells of the early chick embryo, where pure cell populations may be isolated and cultured, and in which epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation is occurring. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Proline-rich Tyrosine Kinase-2 (PYK2) are related in molecular structure, and may have some overlapping functions in signal transduction associated with cell-substratum adhesion. Paxillin, a cytoskeletal protein, is also localized to focal adhesions. We show that the immunocytochemical detection of these molecules in vivo does not reflect their in vitro localization. Focal Adhesion Kinase showed a developmentally regulated localization to the cytoplasm, but not to sites of adhesion, in epithelial cells in vivo, while Paxillin was associated with migrating mesoderm cells. Proline-rich Tyrosine Kinase-2 was undetectable in vivo. The level of expression of these molecules was compared under in vivo and in vitro conditions. While the expression of Focal Adhesion Kinase showed a tissue-specific regulation of expression with the change to in vitro conditions, Proline-rich Tyrosine Kinase-2 showed a more uniform and less tissue-specific up-regulation. Levels of Paxillin expression also showed an increase with this change in conditions. We conclude that despite the structural and functional relationships between these three molecules in the developing embryo, the expression and localization of each is independently regulated. We suggest that this provides these cells with the adaptability that they require in order to respond to the changing extracellular environment in the early embryo, and to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it