Evaluation of proposed early-Holocene advances of alpine glaciers in the North Cascade Range, Washington State, USA: constraints provided by palaeoenvironmental reconstructions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from across western North America indicate that the early to mid-Holocene was warmer and drier than present. The wide distribution of these records suggests that relatively mild and arid conditions were regionally ubiquitous during the early Holocene. In contrast, two recently proposed advances of alpine glaciers in the Cascade Range of Washington State, corresponding to equilibrium-line altitude depressions of 350 to 450 m, are placed in the early Holocene. The juxtaposition of the proposed major expansion of early-Holocene alpine glaciers with the constraint provided by a number of palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from directly adjacent areas results in palaeoclimatic gradients that are untenable. The apparent diachronous behaviour of adjacent palaeoenvironmental records may be an artifact of dating errors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".