Bibliographic record
Abstract
I N THE ABUNDANT OUTPUT of Italian translations that have progressively turned Virginia Woolf into a cultural icon in the land of Dante, the first authorized translation of Jacob's Room by Anna Banti deserves particular attention.It offers an interesting angle from which to explore the relationship between two writers who, although they share various literary concerns, have never been the objects of a systematic comparative study. 2 Yet it also invites us to reflect upon the role and effects of translation by exposing the asymmetry in linguistic and cultural exchanges.The problematic connection of languages and cultural identities that takes shape in the interaction between Woolf and Banti acquires further signficance since in this case the exploration of translation as cultural communication and transfer also entails the question of gender, making translation issues inseparable from those of female agency and identity politics.Banti's 1950 Italian rendition of Jacob's Room as La camera di Giacobbe, republished in 1980 with only a change in the title (La camera di Jacob) and the addition of an introduction by Banti, 3 occupies a privileged space in the rich sequence of projects aimed at importing Woolf into Italian culture.As the first translation of a work by Woolf accomplished by a renowned Italian literary author, La camera di Jacob can be examined in light of those endorsements, resistances, and betrayals that literary relations generate in their precarious balance between identity and difference, and that in this case delineate a tug of war between Banti's desire to 1 I am grateful to the two anonymous referees, as well as to the many listeners and readers of various versions of this work, presented at conferences and circulated on several occasions, from its initial version for the 1996 UCLA Center for the Study of Women Conference, to the 1997 MLA Convention in Toronto, and the 2000 MLA Convention in Washington DC (panel on "Virginia Woolf and Translation").2 Occasional comments on the presence of Virginia Woolf in Banti's poetics, mostly fostered by Banti's own essays on Woolf, can be found in Nozzoli 87-88, 93-94; Biagini, Anna Banti 25, 88, 103; Biagini, L'opera di Anna Banti 29, 78, 97, 105, 159, 163-64, in addition to the more extensive discussion of Banti's Artemisia and Woolf's Orlando by Maria Carla Papini in Biagini, L'opera 119-34.3 The first 1980 edition of Banti's translation (in the Mondadori series "Medusa") included a postface (pp.267-78), which becomes an introduction in the "Oscar Mondadori" series reprinted in the same year.See Kirkpatrick 353; Desideri 115.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".