Deorbiting of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) microsatellites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The ever-increasing quantity of space debris in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) makes it mandatory that satellites be removed from their operational orbits once their missions have been completed. This paper outlines the special challenges involved in the deorbiting of microsatellites, which due to the small mass of microsatellites cannot always use the techniques employed by larger spacecraft, and presents strategies for their controlled and uncontrolled deorbiting or for parking them in a disposal region. Important international standards and regulations that govern the deorbiting of man-made objects are discussed with respect to microsatellites and nanosatellites, and a short overview of postmission disposal options is presented in the light of these existing standards and regulations. The paper then discusses passive and active deorbiting techniques in detail, including the use of tethers, propulsion, and other technologies. The technical maturity and development stage of each technology are also assessed. The paper ends with recommendations regarding Canadian standards for deorbiting microsatellites and proposes some areas for further technology development.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".