Convection‐enhanced mass transfer in aggregated beads for gel chromatography
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Convection‐enhanced mass transfer in aggregated κ‐carrageenan beads was assessed using experimental and mathematical modeling studies. Aggregated beads, prepared from subsidiary beads in a fluidized bed, were employed for gel chromatography of proteins. The efficiency of a chromatography column was measured by the plate height. The plate height of the aggregated beads was much lower than that of conventional carrageenan beads of the same size. This was attributed to intraparticle convection, which occurred even at relatively low flow rates due to the large intraparticle channels resulting from the low degree of aggregation. A general equation for predicting the reduced plate height was modified by using an apparent diffusivity in order to incorporate intraparticle convection. The modified equation was in good agreement with experimental data. The protein productivity of an aggregated bead column (mg/h/mL column) was estimated to be six times higher than that of a conventional column.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".