Trends in atmospheric haze induced by peat fires in Sumatra Island, Indonesia and El Niño phenomenon from 1973 to 2003
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Visibility was used as a long‐term indicator of atmospheric haze caused by peat fires on the peat land area of the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Visibility and the anomalies of sea surface temperature in the Niño 3.4 region from 1973 to 2003 were analyzed. A significant linear relationship existed between the visibility and time, and the two signals shared two periodic components of 45 months (3.7 yr) and 61 months (5.1 yr), corresponding with the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. Visibility decrease occurred about 3 months earlier than peak ENSO, suggesting fires initiated during the ENSO onset stage. The study demonstrated the connection of inter‐annual climate variability, biomass burning, and air quality in the region. The study could facilitate the prediction of change in fire occurrence and air quality from ENSO monitoring data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".