Altering PI3K—Akt signalling in zebrafish embryos affects PTEN phosphorylation and gastrulation
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION: PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10) is a negative regulator of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)-Akt (also called protein kinase B) signalling pathway and is essential for embryogenesis, but its function in early vertebrate embryos is unclear. RESULTS: To address how PTEN functions in early embryos, we overexpressed one of the four zebrafish PTEN isoforms at the 1-2-cell stage. Overexpression of Ptena454 alters phospho-Akt levels and impairs cell movements associated with gastrulation. Heat shocking embryos increases phospho-Akt levels and lowers phospho-Ptena454 levels. Inhibiting CK2 (protein kinase CK2) activity reduces phospho-Pten levels and augments the effects due to Ptena454 overexpression. Low phospho-Akt and corresponding low phospho-GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) and high phospho-Pten levels accompany wortmannin or LY294002 treatment, which inhibit PI3K activity. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that Ptena454 regulation is correlated to changes in phospho-Akt levels. We propose a model in which homoeostasis in rapidly dividing and migrating embryonic cells depends on a counterbalance between pro-survival signalling employing CK2 and GSK-3 and the pro-apoptotic activity of Ptena454.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it