Measurement of the Kaonic Hydrogen X-Ray Spectrum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The DEAR (DA$\ensuremath{\Phi}$NE exotic atom research) experiment measured the energy of x rays emitted in the transitions to the ground state of kaonic hydrogen. The measured values for the shift $ϵ$ and the width $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ of the 1$s$ state due to the ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ strong interaction are ${ϵ}_{1s}=\ensuremath{-}193\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}37$ (stat) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6$ (syst) eV and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{1s}=249\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}111$ (stat) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}30$ (syst) eV, the most precise values yet obtained. The pattern of the kaonic hydrogen $K$-series lines, ${K}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$, ${K}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}$, and ${K}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$, was disentangled for the first time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".