Acute Hepatitis and Esophageal Candidiasis During Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Primary human immunodeficiency virus infection (PHI) may take place without symptoms or may be associated with mononucleosislike illness. Sometimes, the clinical presentation includes aseptic meningitis, mucocutaneous ulcers, oropharyngeal candidiasis and elevated aminotransferases. We describe the case of a 25-year-old male, who had sex with other men, and presented to the emergency department with elevated aminotransferases levels and esophageal candidiasis. Acute hepatitis markers (hepatitis A, B, C, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus) were performed and all were negative. Repeated testes revealed 3 consecutive negative HIV antibody tests with a strongly high HIV-1 RNA plasma concentration (g 500,000 copies /mL) and a loss of CD4+ T cells (347 cells/µL), characterizing an acute hepatitis occurring during a course of an acute retroviral syndrome. Antiretroviral therapy was started while waiting a genotyping test performed to assess the presence of potential drug resistance mutations, and the patient recovered uneventfully, with normalization of aminotransferases, CD4 restoration and viral load become undetectable. Genotyping test indicated primary antiretroviral mutations, and appropriate changes in antiretroviral therapy were performed. Our case like other reports suggested that a diagnosis of PHI needs to be considered in patients who presented with acute hepatitis. J Med Cases. 2012;3(2):116-118 doi: https://doi.org/10.4021/jmc489w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".