Changing the opinions, beliefs and attitudes of the Efiks, Quas and Efuts of Calabar Municipality towards the practice of female circumcision
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To determine the opinion of the Efiks, Quas and Efuts of old Calabar district towards the practice of female circumcision. To examine the beliefs of the Efiks, Quas and Efuts of Calabar towards the practice of female circumcision. To determine the attitude of the Efiks, Quas and Efuts of Calabar towards the practice of female circumcision.Methods: In order to successfully carry out the study, three research questions and hypothesis were formulated. Literatures were reviewed based on the research variables. The research instrument used for data collection was questionnaire which was administered on three hundred and six (306) respondents who served as the sample for the study. Their responses were analyzed using frequencies, and percentages. Results showed that more than 50% are not in support of the practice and in fact more than 64% will not want their daughters circumcised.Results: It is observed that majority of educated, well informed and enlightened individuals who are aware of the harmful effects of the female circumcision abhors it. To this extent, proper education, and enlightenment, should be encouraged. Religions and cosmopolitan nature of the city are key to influencing the opinions, beliefs and attitude of the people living there. And finally, majority of the people think that the practice of female circumcision is decreasing in the city. Based on these findings information should continue to be disseminated using mass media and local languages for complete eradication and permanent attitudinal change.Conclusions: This work highlight the influence of public education and increase awareness from both the rural and urban communities so rooted to their cultures of female circumcision in old Calabar district as bad practice and unacceptable tradition in the 21st century world of today.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".