Dynamic simulation of the motion of fragmenting rock avalanches
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A mass-referenced continuum model for dynamic analysis of rapid mass movement (DAN) is verified by laboratory and field data. Increased earth pressure coefficients are used in this model to represent the dispersive pressures caused by fragmentation within a translating rock avalanche. The numerical model demonstrates that increased runout in large rock avalanches can occur with normal friction coefficients if higher than normal internal pressures, such as those believed to be generated by fragmentation, are present. The extent of the Falling Mountain rock-avalanche deposit in New Zealand is reproduced in the model with normal friction and high earth pressure coefficients to represent by analogy the additional internal pressures due to fragmentation. It appears that if internal friction is changed by fragmentation, it is only by a small amount and may increase rather than decrease. To test this, and to move beyond the present analogue model, requires a better understanding of the rheology of fragmenting rock.Key words: rock avalanches, long runout, fragmentation, simulation model, dispersive stresses, earth pressure coefficients, Falling Mountain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".