<title>Simulation of picosecond pulsed laser ablation of silicon: the molecular-dynamics thermal-annealing model</title>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A molecular-dynamics thermal-annealing model is proposed to study the mechanisms of ablation induced in crystalline silicon by picosecond pulses. In accordance with the thermal annealing model, a detailed description of the microscopic processes resulting from the interaction of a 308 nm, 10 ps, Gaussian pulse with a Si(100) substrate has been embedded into a molecular- dynamics scheme. This was accomplished by explicitly accounting for carrier-phonon scattering and carrier diffusion. Above the predicted threshold energy for ablation, F<SUB>th</SUB> equals 0.25 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, ablation is driven by subsurface superheating effects: intense heating by the pulse leads to the thermal confinement of the laser-deposited energy. As a result, the material is overheated up to its critical (spinodal) point and a strong pressure gradient builds up within the absorbing volume. At the same time, diffusion of the carriers in the bulk leads to the development of a steep temperature gradient below the surface. Matter removal is subsequently triggered by the relaxation the pressure gradient as a large--few tens of nm thick--piece of material is expelled from the surface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".