Bibliographic record
Abstract
Infrared spectra of long-chain n -alkane molecules, CH 3 (CH 2 ) m CH 3 , with m > 8, have been obtained in absorption and emission and are compared to spectra of a variety of interstellar sources. Absorption spectra of these molecules in the 3.4 μm region are remarkably similar, consisting of narrow features at 3.384, 3.425, and 3.508 μm, independent of chain length. These features are not seen in absorption in interstellar clouds. We estimate that the column density of CH 2 groups in long-chain n -alkanes is typically N < (1.2-2.9) × 10 16 cm -2 in VI Cyg 12. Given the narrow width of these features, this limit could be improved with higher resolution observations. Thermal spectra of these molecules show a number of characteristic features near 6.8, 7.3, and 13.9 μm that should be useful in determining whether large n -alkane molecules are present in interstellar emission sources.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".